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StorytellersBestFriend/sbf-cpp/test.h
Tom Hicks dd96f59f2b temp
2025-06-30 13:48:02 -07:00

555 lines
28 KiB
C++

#ifndef TEST_H__
#define TEST_H__
/***************************************************************************************
* @file test.h
*
* @brief Defines structs and functions for implementing TinyTest.
* @copyright
* Copyright 2023 Tom Hicks
* Licensed under the MIT license see the LICENSE file for details.
***************************************************************************************/
#include <cstdint>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <optional>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
// Test lifecycle
// suite_setup_function(); - This is called to allocate any suite level resources. This is called once when the suite
// begins. These functions may be called in parallel but execution will not proceed past this block until they have all
// finished.
// test_setup_function(); - This is called once for every test in tests. You may use it to allocate resources or setup
// mocks, stubs, and spies. function_to_test(...); - This is called once for every test to execute the test. Only one
// of these test functions will actually be run for each test in tests. They should return true if the test passed,
// return false if the test failed or there was an error, and be nullptr if they should be skipped. The executed
// function will be called with expected_output and the result of function_to_test(...). They can be used to test
// functions with side effects, especially void functions. test_compare_function; - This is the highest priority
// compare function. If it is not nullptr then it will be called. suite_compare_function; - This is the second highest
// priority compare function. If test_compare_function is nullptr and this is not nullptr then it will be called.
// [](TResult expected, TResult actual) { return expected, actual; } - This is the lowest priority compare function.
// If all other compare functions are nullptr then this will be called to evaluate the test. test_teardown_function();
// - This is called once for every test in tests. You must free/release any resources allocated by
// test_setup_function.
// This ends the parallel test functions section all tests will have completed before execution proceeds.
// Collect reports - Ths step is not visible to the user at this point, but data returned by all of the test functions
// is collected here. This is where you will eventually be able to format/log data for reports.
// suite_teardown_function(); - This is called after all test calls have completed, all test_teardown_function calls
// have completed, and all test reports/logs have been written. You should free any resources allocated in
// suite_setup_function.
// Tuple printer from: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6245735/pretty-print-stdtuple/31116392#58417285
template <typename TChar, typename TTraits, typename... TArgs>
auto& operator<<(std::basic_ostream<TChar, TTraits>& os, std::tuple<TArgs...> const& t) {
std::apply([&os](auto&&... args) { ((os << args << " "), ...); }, t);
return os;
}
template <typename TChar, typename TTraits, typename TItem>
auto& operator<<(std::basic_ostream<TChar, TTraits>& os, std::vector<TItem> v) {
os << "[ ";
for (auto it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) {
if (it != v.begin()) {
os << ", ";
}
os << *it;
}
os << " ]";
return os;
}
template <typename TChar, typename TTraits, typename TItem>
auto& compare(std::basic_ostream<TChar, TTraits>& error_message,
std::vector<TItem> expected,
std::vector<TItem> actual) {
if (expected.size() != actual.size()) {
error_message << "size mismatch expected: " << expected.size() << ", actual: " << actual.size();
return error_message;
}
for (size_t index = 0; index < expected.size(); index++) {
if (expected[index] != actual[index]) {
error_message << "vectors differ at index " << index << ", \"" << expected[index] << "\" != \"" << actual[index]
<< "\", expected: \"" << expected << "\", actual: \"" << actual << "\"";
return error_message;
}
}
return error_message;
}
namespace Test {
using std::string;
using std::tuple;
using std::vector;
/// @brief
class TestResults {
public:
/// @brief Creates an empty TestResults instance representing no tests run.
TestResults();
/// @brief Creates a new TestResults instance that is a copy of other.
/// @param other
TestResults(const TestResults& other);
/// @brief Creates a new TestResults instance with specific counts.
/// @param errors The number of errors while running the tests.
/// @param failed The number of failed tests.
/// @param passed The number of passed tests.
/// @param skipped The number of skipped tests.
/// @param total The total number of tests run. This should equal the sum of failed, passed, and skipped tests.
/// @param error_messages The list of error messages.
/// @param failure_messages The list of failure messages.
/// @param skip_messages The list of skip messages.
TestResults(uint32_t errors,
uint32_t failed,
uint32_t passed,
uint32_t skipped,
uint32_t total,
std::vector<std::string> error_messages,
std::vector<std::string> failure_messages,
std::vector<std::string> skip_messages);
/// @brief Adds an error. This increments errors.
/// @return A reference to this instance. Used for chaining.
TestResults& error();
/// @brief Adds an error with a message. This increments errors as well as saving the error message.
/// @param message The error message.
/// @return A reference to this instance. Used for chaining.
TestResults& error(std::string message);
/// @brief Adds a failed test. This increments total and failed.
/// @return A reference to this instance. Used for chaining.
TestResults& fail();
/// @brief Adds a failed test with a message. This increments total and failed as well as saving the failure message.
/// @param message The reason the test failed.
/// @return A reference to this instance. Used for chaining.
TestResults& fail(const std::string& message);
/// @brief Adds a passed test. This increments total and passed.
/// @return A reference to this instance. Used for chaining.
TestResults& pass();
/// @brief Adds a skipped test. This increments total and skipped.
/// @return A reference to this instance. Used for chaining.
TestResults& skip();
/// @brief Adds a skipped test with a message. This increments total and skipped as well as saving the skip message.
/// @param message The reason the test was skipped.
/// @return A reference to this instance. Used for chaining.
TestResults& skip(const std::string& message);
/// @brief Getter for the list of error messages.
/// @return
vector<string> error_messages();
/// @brief Getter for the count of errors.
/// @return
uint32_t errors();
/// @brief Getter for the count of failed tests.
/// @return The count of failed tests.
uint32_t failed();
/// @brief Getter for the list of failure messages.
/// @return The list of failure messages.
vector<string> failure_messages();
/// @brief Getter for the count of passed tests.
/// @return The count of passed tests.
uint32_t passed();
/// @brief Getter for the count of skipped tests.
/// @return The count of skipped tests.
uint32_t skipped();
/// @brief Getter for the list of skip messages.
/// @return The list of skip messages.
vector<string> skip_messages();
/// @brief Getter for the count of total tests.
/// @return The count of total tests run.
uint32_t total();
/// @brief Returns the combination of this and another TestResults instance.
/// @param other The other TestResults instance to add to this one.
/// @return The combination of the two TestResults instances.
TestResults operator+(const TestResults& other) const;
/// @brief Adds another TestResults to this one and returns a reference to this instance.
/// @param other The other TestResults instance to add to this one.
/// @return A reference to this instance.
TestResults& operator+=(const TestResults& other);
private:
std::vector<std::string> error_messages_;
uint32_t errors_;
uint32_t failed_;
std::vector<std::string> failure_messages_;
uint32_t passed_;
std::vector<std::string> skip_messages_;
uint32_t skipped_;
uint32_t total_;
};
/// @brief
/// @tparam TResult
template <typename TResult>
using TestCompareFunction = std::function<bool(const TResult& expected, const TResult& actual)>;
/// @brief
/// @tparam TResult
template <typename TResult>
using MaybeTestCompareFunction = std::optional<TestCompareFunction<TResult>>;
template <typename TResult>
MaybeTestCompareFunction<TResult> DefaultTestCompareFunction() {
return std::nullopt;
}
using TestConfigureFunction = std::function<void()>;
using MaybeTestConfigureFunction = std::optional<TestConfigureFunction>;
MaybeTestConfigureFunction DefaultTestConfigureFunction();
// TODO: For some reason all hell breaks loose if test_name or expected output are const&. Figure out why.
/// @brief
/// @tparam TResult
/// @tparam ...TInputParams
template <typename TResult, typename... TInputParams>
using TestTuple =
std::tuple<std::string /* test_name */,
TResult /* expected_output */,
std::tuple<TInputParams...> /* input_params - The input parameters for this test. These will be used when
calling std::apply with function_to_test to execute the test. */
,
MaybeTestCompareFunction<TResult> /* test_compare_function - If this is not nullprt then this function
will be called instead of suite_compare_function to determine if the
test passes. Use this to check for side effects of the test. Return
true if the test passes and false otherwise. */
,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction /* test_setup_function - If this is not nullptr this function is called before
each test to setup the environment. It is called with std::apply and
input_params so you can use them to mock records with specific IDs or
calculate an expected result. */
,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction /* test_teardown_function If this is not nullptr this function is called after
each test to cleanup any allocated/shared resources. */
,
bool /* is_enabled If this is false the test, setup, and teardown functions are not run. */>;
/// @brief
/// @tparam TResult
/// @tparam TFunctionToTest
/// @tparam ...TInputParams
template <typename TResult, typename... TInputParams>
using TestSuite = std::tuple<std::string,
std::function<TResult(TInputParams...)>,
std::vector<TestTuple<TResult, TInputParams...>>,
MaybeTestCompareFunction<TResult>,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction,
bool>;
// This function is called to execute a test suite. You provide it with some configuration info, optional utility
// callback functions, and test data (input parameters for each call to function_to_test and the expected result). It
// returns a TestResults that should be treated as an opaque data type. Not all parameters are named in code, but they
// are named and explained in the comments and will be described by those names below.
// string suite_name - This is the name of this test suite. It is used for reporting messages.
// TFunctionToTest function_to_test - This is the function to test. This may be replaced if necessary by
// std::function. It may not currently support class methods, but that is planned. vector<tuple<...>> tests - This is
// the test run data. Each tuple in the vector is a single test run. It's members are explained below.
// string test_name - This is the name of this test. It is used for reporting messages.
// TResult expected_output - This is the expected result of executing this test.
// bool(*)(const TResult expected, const TResult actual) test_compare_function - This is optional. If unset or set
// to nullptr it is skipped. If set to a function it is called to evaluate the test results. It takes the expected
// and actual results as parameters and should return true if the test passed and false otherwise. This may be
// changed to return a TestResults at some point. void(*)(TInputParams...) test_setup_function - This is optional.
// If unset or set to nullptr it is skipped. If set to a function it is called before each test to setup the
// environment for the test. You may use it to allocate resources and setup mocks, stubs, and spies.
// void(*)(TInputParams...) test_teardown_function - This is optiona. If unset or set to nullptr it is skipped. If
// set to a function it is called after each test to cleanup the environment after the test. You should free
// resources allocated by test_setup_function. bool is_enabled - This is optional. If unset or set to true the test
// is run. If set to false this test is skipped. If skipped it will be reported as a skipped/disabled test.
// bool(*)(const TResult expected, const TResult actual) suite_compare_function - This is optional. If unset or set to
// nullptr it is skipped. If set to a function and test_compare_function is not called for a test run then this
// function is called to evaluate the test results. It takes the expected and actual results as parameters and should
// return true if the test passed and false otherwise. This may be changed to return a TestResults at some point.
// void(*)() suite_setup_function - This is optional. If unset or set to nullptr it is skipped. If set to a function
// it is called before starting this test suite to setup the environment. You may use it to allocate resources and
// setup mocks, stubs, and spies. void(*)() suite_teardown_function - This is optional. If unset or set to nullptr it
// is skipped. If set to a function it is called after all tests in this suite have finished and all reporting has
// finished. You should free resources allocated by suite_setup_function.
// This method should be called like so. This is the minimal call and omits all of the optional params. This is the most
// common usage. You should put one tuple of inputs and expected output for each test case.
// results = collect_and_report_test_resultstest_fn(
// "Test: function_under_test",
// function_under_test,
// vector({
// make_tuple(
// "ShouldReturnAppleForGroupId_1_and_ItemId_2",
// string("Apple"),
// make_tuple(1,2),
// ),
// }),
// );
// The suites can be run from one file as such. From a file called ThingDoer_test.cpp to test the class/methods
// ThingDoer declared in ThingDoer.cpp. This isn't mandatory but is a best practice. You can use function_to_test
// without calling collect_and_report_test_results() and also could call it from a normal int main(int argc, char**
// argv) or other function.
// TestResults test_main_ThingDoer(int argc, char* argv[]) {
// TestResults results;
// results = collect_and_report_test_results(results, function_to_test("do_thing1", ...), argc, argv);
// results = collect_and_report_test_results(results, function_to_test("do_thing2", ...), argc, argv);
// return results;
// }
// Then some test harness either generated or explicit can call test_main_ThingDoer(...) and optionally reported there.
// Reporting granularity is controlled by how frequently you call collect_and_report_test_results(...). You can combine
// test results with results = results + function_to_test(..); and then collect_and_report_test_results on the aggregate
// TestResults value.
/// @brief
/// @tparam TResult The result type of the test.
/// @tparam TInputParams... The types of parameters sent to the test function.
/// @param suite_label The label for this test suite. For example a class name such as "MortgageCalculator".
/// @param function_to_test The function to be tested. It will be called with std::apply and a
/// std::tuple<TInputParams...> made from each item in tests.
/// @param tests A std::vector of test runs.
/// @param suite_compare_function A function used to compare the expected and actual test results. This can be
/// overridden per test by setting test_compare_function.
/// @param after_all This is called before each suite is started to setup the environment. This is where you should
/// build mocks, setup spies, and test fixtures.
/// @param before_all This is called after each suite has completed to cleanup anything allocated in suite_before_each.
/// @param is_enabled If false none of these tests are run and they are all reported as skipped.
template <typename TResult, typename... TInputParams>
TestResults execute_suite(std::string suite_label,
std::function<TResult(TInputParams...)> function_to_test,
vector<TestTuple<TResult, TInputParams...>> tests,
MaybeTestCompareFunction<TResult> suite_compare = std::nullopt,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction before_all = std::nullopt,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction after_all = std::nullopt,
bool is_enabled = true) {
TestResults results;
std::cout << "🚀Beginning Suite: " << suite_label << std::endl;
// Step 1: Suite Setup
if (before_all.has_value()) {
(*before_all)();
}
// Step 2: Execute Tests
for_each(tests.begin(),
tests.end(),
[&suite_label, &function_to_test, &results, &suite_compare](TestTuple<TResult, TInputParams...> test_data) {
// Step 2a: Extract our variables from the TestTuple.
const std::string& test_name = std::get<0>(test_data);
const std::string qualified_test_name = suite_label + "::" + test_name;
const TResult& expected_output = std::get<1>(test_data);
std::tuple<TInputParams...> input_params = std::get<2>(test_data);
MaybeTestCompareFunction<TResult> maybe_compare_function = std::get<3>(test_data);
TestCompareFunction<TResult> compare_function =
maybe_compare_function.has_value() ? *maybe_compare_function
: suite_compare.has_value() ? *suite_compare
: [](const TResult& l, const TResult& r) { return l == r; };
MaybeTestConfigureFunction before_each = std::get<4>(test_data);
MaybeTestConfigureFunction after_each = std::get<5>(test_data);
bool is_enabled = std::get<6>(test_data);
if (!is_enabled) {
std::cout << " 🚧Skipping Test: " << test_name << std::endl;
results.skip(qualified_test_name);
return;
}
// Step 2b: Test Setup
std::cout << " Beginning Test: " << test_name << std::endl;
if (before_each.has_value()) {
(*before_each)();
}
TResult actual;
try {
// Step 2c: Execute the test method.
actual = std::apply(function_to_test, input_params);
} catch (const std::exception& ex) {
std::ostringstream os;
os << "Caught exception \"" << ex.what() << "\"";
results.error(qualified_test_name + " " + os.str());
std::cout << " 🔥ERROR: " << os.str() << std::endl;
} catch (const std::string& message) {
std::ostringstream os;
os << "Caught string \"" << message << "\"";
results.error(qualified_test_name + " " + os.str());
std::cout << " 🔥ERROR: " << os.str() << std::endl;
} catch (...) {
string message = "Caught something that is neither an std::exception nor an std::string.";
results.error(qualified_test_name + " " + message);
std::cout << " 🔥ERROR: " << message << std::endl;
}
// Step 2d: Pass or fail.
if (compare_function(expected_output, actual)) {
results.pass();
std::cout << " ✅PASSED" << std::endl;
} else {
std::ostringstream os;
os << "expected: \"" << expected_output << "\", actual: \"" << actual << "\"";
results.fail(qualified_test_name + " " + os.str());
std::cout << " ❌FAILED: " << os.str() << std::endl;
}
// Step 2e: Test Teardown
if (after_each.has_value()) {
(*after_each)();
}
std::cout << " Ending Test: " << test_name << std::endl;
});
// Step 3: Suite Teardown
if (after_all.has_value()) {
(*after_all)();
}
std::cout << "Ending Suite: " << suite_label << std::endl;
return results;
}
/// @brief
/// @tparam TResult The result type of the test.
/// @tparam TInputParams... The types of parameters sent to the test function.
/// @param suite_label The label for this test suite. For example a class name such as "MortgageCalculator".
/// @param function_to_test The function to be tested. It will be called with std::apply and a
/// std::tuple<TInputParams...> made from each item in tests.
/// @param tests A std::vector of test runs.
/// @param suite_compare A function used to compare the expected and actual test results. This can be
/// overridden per test by setting test_compare.
/// @param after_all This is called before each suite is started to setup the environment. This is where you should
/// build mocks, setup spies, and test fixtures.
/// @param before_all This is called after each suite has completed to cleanup anything allocated in suite_before_each.
/// @param is_enabled If false the test is reported as skipped. If true the test is run as normal.
template <typename TResult, typename... TInputParams>
TestResults execute_suite(std::string suite_label,
std::function<TResult(TInputParams...)> function_to_test,
std::initializer_list<TestTuple<TResult, TInputParams...>> tests,
MaybeTestCompareFunction<TResult> suite_compare = std::nullopt,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction before_all = std::nullopt,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction after_all = std::nullopt,
bool is_enabled = true) {
std::vector test_data = std::vector(tests);
return execute_suite(suite_label, function_to_test, tests, suite_compare, before_all, after_all, is_enabled);
}
/// @brief
/// @tparam TResult The result type of the test.
/// @tparam ...TInputParams The types of parameters sent to the test function.
/// @param test_name The label for this test. For example "should calculate the interest".
/// @param expected The expected output of calling the test function with these input parameters.
/// @param input_params The input parameters to use when calling the test function.
/// @param test_compare_fn An optional function that can be used to compare the expected and actual return values. This
/// is good for when you only care about certain fields being equal.
/// @param before_each This is called to setup the environment before running the test. This is where you should build
/// mocks, setup spies, and set any other values you need before calling the test function.
/// @param after_each This is called after each test run to cleanup anything allocated in before_each.
/// @param is_enabled If false this test run is not executed and considered skipped for reporting purposes.
/// @return A TestTuple suitable for use as a test run when calling test_fn.
template <typename TResult, typename... TInputParams>
TestTuple<TResult, TInputParams...> make_test(const string& test_name,
const TResult& expected,
tuple<TInputParams...> input_params,
MaybeTestCompareFunction<TResult> test_compare_fn = std::nullopt,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction before_each = std::nullopt,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction after_each = std::nullopt,
bool is_enabled = true) {
return make_tuple(test_name, expected, input_params, test_compare_fn, before_each, after_each, is_enabled);
}
/// @brief
/// @tparam TResult
/// @tparam TFunctionToTest
/// @tparam ...TInputParams
/// @param suite_name
/// @param function_to_test
/// @param test_data
/// @param compare
/// @param before_each
/// @param after_each
/// @param is_enabled
/// @return
template <typename TResult, typename TFunctionToTest, typename... TInputParams>
TestSuite<TResult, TInputParams...> make_test_suite(const string& suite_name,
TFunctionToTest function_to_test,
vector<TestTuple<TResult, TInputParams...>> test_data,
MaybeTestCompareFunction<TResult> compare = std::nullopt,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction before_each = std::nullopt,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction after_each = std::nullopt,
bool is_enabled = true) {
return make_tuple(suite_name, function_to_test, test_data, compare, before_each, after_each, is_enabled);
}
template <typename TResult, typename TFunctionToTest, typename... TInputParams>
TestSuite<TResult, TInputParams...> make_test_suite(
const string& suite_name,
TFunctionToTest function_to_test,
std::initializer_list<TestTuple<TResult, TInputParams...>> test_data,
MaybeTestCompareFunction<TResult> compare = std::nullopt,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction before_each = std::nullopt,
MaybeTestConfigureFunction after_each = std::nullopt,
bool is_enabled = true) {
return make_tuple(suite_name, function_to_test, test_data, compare, before_each, after_each, is_enabled);
}
/// @brief
/// @tparam TResult The result type of the test.
/// @tparam TInputParams... The types of parameters sent to the test function.
/// @param test_suite A tuple representing the test suite configuration.
template <typename TResult, typename... TInputParams>
TestResults execute_suite(const TestSuite<TResult, TInputParams...>& test_suite) {
return execute_suite<TResult, TInputParams...>(
std::get<0>(test_suite), std::get<1>(test_suite), std::get<2>(test_suite)
// TODO: make this work for the optional parts of the tuple too.
);
}
/// @brief
/// @tparam ...TInputParams
/// @param first
/// @param second
/// @return
template <typename... TInputParams>
MaybeTestConfigureFunction coalesce(MaybeTestConfigureFunction first, MaybeTestConfigureFunction second) {
if (first.has_value()) {
if (second.has_value()) {
// This is the only place we actually need to combine them.
return [&first, &second](TInputParams... input_params) {
*first(input_params...);
*second(input_params...);
};
} else {
return first;
}
} else {
return second;
}
}
/// @brief Writes a friendly version of results to the provided stream.
/// @param os The stream to write to.
/// @param results The TestResults to write.
void PrintResults(std::ostream& os, TestResults results);
} // End namespace Test
// TODO: Add TShared(*)(string /*test_name*/, UUID /*test_run_id*/) allocate_shared_data to the test tuple to make some
// shared data that can be used in a thread safe way by setup, teardown, and evaluate steps of the test.
// TODO: Add TShared to be returned by the setup functions, and consumed by the evaluate and teardown functions.
// Suite setup/teardown functions should allocate/free.
// Test setup/teardown functions should consume the data allocated by suite setup.
// Test setup functions may allocate additional resources. If they do then the allocated resources they should be
// freed by test teardown function. Suite and/or test compare functions may consume this shared data, but it will not
// be shared with the execution of function_to_test.
#endif // End !defined TEST_H__